Understanding the Linux startup process
Step 5: The Startup Process
At this point, systemd manages the user space and brings the system up to an operational state. For example, it mounts filesystems and starts other services [4].
UEFI-Based Booting
For UEFI-based systems (Figure 3), the five steps include the UEFI POST, booting with ESP, UEFI Secure Boot, the bootloader phase, and the kernel phase.
Step 1: The UEFI POST
The UEFI firmware of the system does a POST and then finds peripheral devices and the hard disk and sets them up [5].
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